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Funding rate: definition and bitcoin history

A periodic payment between buyers and sellers on perpetual contracts. Strongly positive, it indicates leveraged buyers dominate and the market is stretched.

Chart of the annualised funding rate of the BTCUSDT perpetual contract since 2019, positive most of the time, with a peak at 140% in February 2021 and a low at −52% in March 2020.
Funding on Binance’s BTCUSDT perpetual, daily total scaled to an annual rate, 7-day average, from September 2019 to 7 October 2026.Chart licensed under CC BY 4.0: you may reuse it with the credit “Metena (metena.app)”.

Definition

A perpetual contract has no expiry date. To keep its price close to the spot market, buyers and sellers exchange a payment every 8 hours: the funding.

When the perpetual trades above spot, funding is positive and buyers pay sellers. Very positive funding shows many leveraged buyers willing to pay a lot to keep their position: the market is stretched. Negative funding shows the opposite.

How to read the chart

The curve shows each day’s funding, scaled to an annual rate and smoothed over 7 days. In green, buyers pay; in red, sellers pay.

The big green spikes match phases of euphoria; the red dips, panics.

Worked example

Since September 2019, funding on Binance’s BTCUSDT perpetual has been positive on 87% of days. Its 7-day average peaked at 140% a year on 14 February 2021 and touched −52% a year on 19 March 2020, a week after the crash. On 7 October 2026, it is close to 3% a year.

In Metena

Funding is available as a condition in a Metena strategy, and the stress test includes a persistent negative funding scenario for strategies that depend on it.

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Related terms

Open interest
The total value of derivative contracts still open. Record open interest signals a lot of leverage in the market, so sudden moves are more likely.
Leverage
Borrowing to take a position larger than your capital. It amplifies gains and losses alike and can lead to the position being liquidated.
Fear & Greed
A sentiment index from 0 (extreme fear) to 100 (extreme greed) that combines several measures of market behavior.
Volatility
The size of an asset’s price swings. High volatility means large moves, up as well as down.

Put these ideas into practice.

Write your strategy in a few minutes: Metena analyses it when you ask and explains each term in context.

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Educational content. It is not investment advice. Crypto-assets carry a high risk that can go as far as the total loss of capital.