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Stablecoin: definition and the USDC depeg

A crypto-asset designed to hold a stable value, usually pegged to a currency such as the dollar. Often used as a reserve so you are not 100% invested.

Chart of USDC against USDT from March to April 2023: a depeg down to $0.88 on 11 March 2023 after Silicon Valley Bank failed, then a return to $1.
USDC/USDT, daily high, low and close, from 11 March (Binance reopened the pair) to 15 April 2023.Chart licensed under CC BY 4.0: you may reuse it with the credit “Metena (metena.app)”.

Definition

A stablecoin holds its value through reserves (dollars, Treasury bills) or a mechanism. USDT and USDC, the two most used, are backed by reserves held by their issuer.

Stable does not mean risk-free. The value depends on the quality of the reserves, the bank that holds them and the market’s trust. When one of these gives way, the price can move away from $1, sometimes for several days.

How to read the chart

The green line marks the target peg: $1. The grey bars run from each day’s low to its high, and the bright line follows the closing price against USDT.

The red dot marks the low reached during the crisis.

Worked example

On 10 March 2023, Silicon Valley Bank failed while Circle, the issuer of USDC, held part of its reserves there. On 11 March, USDC hit a low of $0.88. It was back above $0.995 on 14 March, once deposits were guaranteed by the US authorities.

In Metena

Metena counts stablecoins as a reserve, but not as a risk-free one: the stress test includes a stablecoin depeg, among them the USDC depeg of March 2023.

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Related terms

Money management
Managing the size of your positions and your exposure: how much to risk per holding, what reserve to keep, which limits never to cross.
Stress test
Simulating your rules through a historical shock, such as the March 2020 crash, the LUNA collapse or the FTX bankruptcy, to see what they would have absorbed.
Rebalancing
Adjusting the portfolio to get back to the planned allocation when one holding has risen or fallen too far compared with the others.
MiCA
The European regulation on crypto-asset markets, which governs issuers and service providers. Good regulatory news improves the quality of a thesis, not the timing of an entry.

Related guides

Writing your investment thesis and invalidation conditions
How to write a crypto investment thesis, turn it into rules and set invalidation conditions, with the real examples of Terra-LUNA and FTX in 2022.

Put these ideas into practice.

Write your strategy in a few minutes: Metena analyses it when you ask and explains each term in context.

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Educational content. It is not investment advice. Crypto-assets carry a high risk that can go as far as the total loss of capital.